Molecular Stuff

I just had my last midterm Molecular Biology quiz. Let me share with you some Molecular concept and definitions:

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TATA BOX
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An element with the consensus sequence TATAAAA that begins about 30 bp upstream of the start of transcription most eukaryotic promoters recognized by RNA polymerase II.

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RNA Polymerase II Holenezyme in prokaryotes
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The collection of polypeptides that make up the whole enzyme. Usually includes, Beta, 'Beta, 2xAlpha, Sigma subunits.

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Footprint Essay
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A specific pattern of peptide spots formed when a protein is cut into pieces with an enzyme, and then the peptides are separated by chromatography.

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The Concept of DNA Replication
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1- DNA Replication is Semi-conservative. That is, replications give two daughters duplex DNAs each contain an old strand (Parent) and new strand (Daughter)

2- DNA Replication is Semi-continuous. That is, DNA polymerase makes one strand continuous (leading strand):
‘5------>'3
But the other strand (lagging strand) would have to be discontinuous:
'3------>'5 (AKA. Okazaki fragments)

3- DNA Replication needs Primer. That is, a Primer is needed to start DNA synthesis by making short pieces of RNA on DNA strands.

4- DNA Replication is Bidirectional. That is, In the Origin of Replication, two forks arise and move in opposite directions around the circle until they meet on the other side.

Okay, I have covered only 0.3% of the test material.